No.3 toner — Reddit Reviews

• Acne

  Some evidence

  Niacinamide: 6 studies tested it on its own. See all 17 studies→

  What the studies found

  • Most studies found niacinamide helped acne
  • It often cleared acne about as well as clindamycin when put on the skin
  • Some studies found it helped reduce red, sore spots and pimples
  • Some evidence is still uncertain because some studies found no clear difference

• Hyperpigmentation

  Some evidence

  Niacinamide: 4 studies tested it on its own. See all 17 studies→

  What the studies found

  • All 4 studies that tested it on its own found it helped fade dark spots
  • It reduced facial dark spots better than a moisturizer without niacinamide
  • Some studies found skin looked lighter as dark spots faded
  • When used with salicylic acid, it improved dark patches more than salicylic acid alone

• Anti-Aging

  Some evidence

  Niacinamide: 2 studies tested it on its own. See all 8 studies→

  What the studies found

  • Both studies that tested it on its own found it helped with signs of aging
  • It improved how firm and elastic the skin looked
  • It reduced wrinkles and uneven tone, including spots, redness, and yellowing
  • It helped the skin hold more water and reduced water loss through the skin

• Skin Barrier

  Not proven yet

  Few or mixed studies. This claim isn't established.

  Niacinamide: 1 study tested it on its own. See all 17 studies→

  What the studies found

  • The one study that tested it on its own found it helped the skin barrier
  • It lowered water loss through the skin
  • It increased the thickness of the outer skin layer

Research context, not treatment advice. Studies are about the ingredient, not necessarily this exact product.